What Is Corrupting Contemporary Youth in the USA Essay

According to prevailing dialogues in the media, politics, and society, the everyday life of emerging parts of contemporary youth is increasingly unstable, violent, and corrupt. These discussions proclaims that the status-quo of youth today is marked by a pervasive moral and social corruption which includes; drug and alcohol abuse, uninhibited sexual lifestyle, materialism, crumbling morals and increasing criminalization. The youth is viewed by older generations as a self-absorbed, cantankerous and malcontent group, contentedly hooked on cult celebrity, parent handouts, the internet, video and computer games, and drugs. Indeed, it’s not hard to miss, in such discussion demeaning names used to classify†¦show more content†¦We could then be able to deduce if the shift from the ideals occurred from the youth, or from society. Perhaps a reformation in the moral parameters may have occurred with each generation. Socrates, in Platos Apology, before the Greek assembly, states that society is incapable of educating the youth. He gives an example of the horse, â€Å".........But suppose I ask you a question: Would you say that this also holds true in the case of horses? Does one man do them harm and all the world good? Is not the exact opposite of this true? One man is able to do them good, or at least not many; - the trainer of horses, that is to say, does them good, and others who have to do with them rather injure them? Is not that true, Meletus, of horses, or any other animals? Yes, certainly..........† Socrates explains only the horse trainer is the only person that can train a horse, This is the horse trainer specialty. Any other person would not be able to train because he or she has no prior knowledge or experience with horse training. Hence society is not better equipped to the train the youth. Socrates effectively upends the dynamics of the argument; while society blame the youth for being the cause in the shift from the moral ideals. Socrates indicates that this isnt the case, in fact society is cause of the shift. The youth are merely portraying the virtues society extols. But before we can proceed, weShow MoreRelatedAn Analysis of The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn3099 Words   |  12 Pagesthe author himself. Brander Mathews who in 1885 explained why Huckleberry Finn and its language must be accepted as it is for We see everything through his eyes--and they are his eyes and not a pair of Mark Twains spectacles. And the comments on what he sees are his comments--the comments of an ignorant, superstitious, sharp, healthy boy, brought up as Huck Finn had been brought up; they are not speeches put into his mouth by the author. 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The Branches Of The Us Government - 1685 Words

Aidan Mahoney Mr. Boxleitner AP Government 24 August 2015 The Branches of the US Government The structure of the United States Government created by the founding fathers is a foundation that holds the country together. It has gathered the trust of the American citizens and used it to make decisions that make America a better nation. The government is made up of three main branches, the Legislative branch, the Executive branch, and the Judicial branch. The branches are vital to America s social and political integrity and the organization is considered one of the most unique forms of government in the world today. The three branches work together to face and solve the problems that confront the nation as a whole. The government changes as†¦show more content†¦This is because the population of the United States has grown, and also because the viewpoints of those populations has changed overtime as different generations come into power that have different ideas for the country. When the government was first founded there was a population of 3,513,183 people in the Uni ted States. The government was formed to compensate the growth of the country, but they stopped putting more people into the House when they reached 435 in 1917. If they had continued putting representatives in for every 50,000 people as they were before there would be about 6,000 people in the House. The ratio used to be one representative for every 50,000 citizens, but now it is one for every 710,676 citizen (Members of Congress Questions and Answers). This gives the people less input because there are less representatives to state their opinions. Although more of the representatives are more diverse both by gender and ethnicity. When first created, the Legislative branch had a lot of power, as a result a system to keep the power in check was created. â€Å"no law or resolution can pass without agreement, first of the majority of the people (via the House) and then of the States (represented by the Senate). This complicated Legislative may hinder as well as help† (Hamilton 93). When the Senate comes up with a bill or law it has to be agreed with by the House

A/c term paper Free Essays

HOOF-iffy has the acceptable stability and the compatibility properties with HOFF-AAA. It is also mildly flammable but not as flammable as previous refrigerant. This is why company’s such as Volkswagen who has refused to use the new refrigerant. We will write a custom essay sample on A/c term paper or any similar topic only for you Order Now This new product also has a low toxicity level. Comparing the two refrigerants of HOFF-AAA and HOOF-iffy the AAA is a hydro fluorocarbon while the iffy is a hydrofluoric-olefin refrigerant. HOFF refrigerants are have one single bong while the HOOF refrigerant is bonded with at least one double bond between the carbon atoms. HOOF-iffy has the same physical properties as HOFF-AAA therefore iffy may be used in current AAA systems without making many modifications to the system. According to DuPont iffy has the potential to be retrofitted to the existing HOFF-AAA systems. The only problem with this that it can cause is that HOOF-iffy is said to be tens times more expensive then the existing HOFF-AAA which then brings the idea of shops recharging the system with â€Å"HOOF-iffy† but actually refilling it with the cheaper HOFF-AAA since they will be so similar. Studies have proved that HOOF-iffy has improved performance beating the HOFF-AAA. HOOF-iffy will have a lower total contribution to climate change. It has a more environmentally sustainable refrigerant for automobiles that has a 99. 7% better GAP score than the currently used refrigerants, test have also proved that it will lead to better fuel efficiency. Thus also leading it to be more efficient in warmer climates rather than using CO. Performance Test First begin doing your test with selecting your temperature knob to cold then your selector to Max LLC. This will now recalculate the cabin air without letting outside air thus resulting in colder temperature. Then turn blower switch to full blast. Now start engine, put pressure on gas petal until reaching two thousand RPM. Now make sure to close all windows and doors. The next step would be to place an auxiliary fan in front of the car facing the condenser. Allow the system to stabilize which will take approximately five to ten minutes. Now begin to place a thermometer in the register closet to the evaporator and check the temperature. When you read the temperature it should be around thirty-five to forty degrees Fahrenheit with an ambient air temperature of eighty degrees Fahrenheit. At this time if you have a set of gauges, this would be a good time to put them on to read your pressures and see when the impresser is cycling or cycling at all in some cases. If outlet temperature is high, check compressor cycling time. After this process now first check the cycling clutch switch operation. Second and final step for this process, is if clutch is energize continuously, discharge the system and check for missing orifice tube, plugged inlet screen, or any other restrictions in the suction line. Diagnosis using Manifold Gauge Test 1 . ) Low side should read 30 SSI and high side should read 200 SSI. This is considered a normal pressurized system. 2. ) Low side reads 12 SSI and high side reads Pepsi. When the gauges read this, this will cause the clutch to cycle more often thus resulting in the clutch having to be bypassed to be diagnosed. Your diagnosis should conclude with a possible partial restriction in the metering device, screen clogged, or moisture in the system or a possible kinked hose on the low pressure side. You should visually inspect to see if there faulty blower or a faulty cycling switch. Also check to see if the evaporator so dirty or the filter and to see if it is iced. . ) Low side will read very low around Pepsi. High side will read normal at first but then drop. Your diagnosis will conclude that you are low on refrigerant. First perform a leak test to see if that is why your refrigerant is so low. Then check and see if there is a total restriction on the low side. Another possibility is the TXT being stuck closed. If so warm the sensing bulb and check pressu re, sensing bulb may have lost its charge. 4. ) Low side will read low. High side will read high. This will mean there is restriction in the discharge line. 5. ) Low side will read high or equalized. High side will read low or equalized. If equalized check hand valves to make sure they are open all the way. Possible electrical problem with the clutch not engaging. Also check fuses, clutch coil, wires, relay, switches, and compressor to see if there are any defects. Check to see if the clutch is engaged, valves are open and rings, belt, bearings and seal are in good working condition. 6. ) Low side will read high. High side will read normal. In this case the TXT will be stuck open. Sensing bulb may not be insulated or loose. Also could have a flooded evaporator. 7. ) Low side will read high. High side will read high. This will result in a overcharged system or air contamination. Also a oil overcharge or dye overcharge. Also check to see if the condenser is blocked. Check for dirt, plastic bags, bent fins. Could need to be cleaned and replace broken fans if need be. Now check the electrical side such as the fans, clutch, and check to see if the engine is overheating because of poor air flow. Suggests that could be caused from the timing being off or contaminated refrigerant. Leak Detection To first do leak detection you will need to get your system to at least Pepsi for a minimum. Second you must I. D your refrigerant. One detection method is a Halide torch. This will only work on Cuff’s and Hooch’s. You will need propane and a search hose. Next heat your reactor plate until it is red hot. The color of the flame will change once it finds a leak depending on the size of the leak. The second method of doing leak detection is the Soap Solution. Use a premixed soup solution mixed with water then spray on Joints and suspected areas of possible leaks, now look for leaks. A third method is the fluorescent dye. Take dye and inject into system while it Is in vacuum. Let the dye cycle through the system for three to four days then bring back in to check for leaks. This method does not harm the systems performance, once back not the shop check system for leaks with a black light. The dye comes in two colors which are yellow and red. The drawback of using this method is the dye stains and will never come out. The fourth method of leak detection is using an electronic leak detector. A new and old type of these systems. The older year detects the chlorine in R-12 and the newer models can detect both. They are self-calibrating and can self I. D leak rates as low as . Jazz per year. Once you hear a beep that’s when it has found a leak. You never want to touch the leak detector to the refrigerant. How to cite A/c term paper, Essays

Nature Vs. Nurture A Debate Within Psychology Example For Students

Nature Vs. Nurture : A Debate Within Psychology There s a debate within psychology about whether certain aspects of behavior are genetic or learned characteristics. Certain physical characteristics are genetic, like color of eyes, hair type, and skin color. Other things like driving, talking, or tying your shoes are learned. People wonder if personality and mental abilities are genetic or learned. There are good arguments for both the nurture, and nature side of these three issues: intelligence, personality, and homosexuality. The process of genetically inheritance is the transmission of traits from parents to offspring. Each cell in the body has 23 pairs of chromosomes and one chromosome from each pair is inherited from the mother and one from the father into the child. Mutations in the DNA code causes different forms of genes to appear in the offspring. People genetically inherit their facial features, some diseases, instincts, and some would argue their sexuality, personality, or intelligence. Sexual desires, along with sleeping and facial recognition, are said to be instincts. Learned traits are behavioral traits that a person is taught to have for their environment and survival needs. They re usually forced onto the person to improve survival or to fit in. The most accepted theory is that most of a person s behavior is a result of their environment. Instincts are known since birth and contradict some things that are thought to be a learned trait.According to Jennifer Smith in the article â€Å"Waking Up from the American Dream,† â€Å"One s intelligence, in a very real sense, is simply a matter of luck. One is born with it and can only gainMark 2so much through effort.† People relate someone innovative usually to have a high level ofintelligence. When background checks are given to the person the influences of nature versusnurture are brought up. The argument is whether intelligence is learned or is one born with theirintelligence. Today most psychologist recognized that human intelligence is formed by both genetic factors and their environm ent. Those who argue that intelligence is hereditary would say a who developed early skills quickly were born smart. They d say an average person wouldn t be able to achieve the greatness someone like Albert Einstein could. Evidence of genetic influences include: â€Å"Twin studies suggest that identical twins IQ s are more similar than those of fraternal twins† (Promin Spinath, 2004). and, â€Å"Siblings reared together in the same home have IQ s that are more similar than those of adopted children raised together in the same environment† (McGue others, 1993). The idea of nature in intelligence was strongly rejected by early modern philosophers. If two parents with very high IQs have a child with a very low IQ, it s most likely due to genetic mutation. There are many environmental influences that are said to influence intelligence, the biggest being family and education. If a child has a home life that encourages learning they usually are of higher intelligence than a child not in that type of home. A person s access to education also determines their intelligence level, and usually the more education they have the more intelligent they are. Anup Shah, in the article â€Å"Causes of Poverty,† on the website GlobalIssue, claims, â€Å"Children raised in poverty tend to miss school more often because of illness.† Nutrition affects intelligence throughout a human lifespan. Proper nutrition establishes aMark 3base for future intellectual development. Stress also plays a part in human intelligence. There smany prenatal factors that can cause developmental delays.The development of personality is another part of the nature versus nurture debate. The argument is whether personality traits are more hereditary than influenced by their environment. One s personality is their combination of qualities that make their character.It s often easy to see similarities between a child s personality and it s parents. But it seems that the child s personality has developed from it s parent s influences. Some people would say they got their short-temper from their parents or everyone in their family exhibits the same type of interests. It s hard to tell if the child s personality traits are influenced from being around their parents or are hereditary. In twin studies identical twins if environmental factors are the same, the only thing that can make identical twins more similar than fraternal twins is their greater genetic similarity. 40% of identical twins personality is hereditary. When children exhibit certain behaviors that neither parent demonstrates can be argued that nature plays a role in the development of the child s personality. When people are around another person a lot they tend to display traits that that other person displays. If a nice child is abused by a parent they can start to become more aggressive and violent later in their life. The United States government has spent billions in genetic research and the current evidence seem to show that we don t have genes for our personality. Personality is not determined by any single gene but by may genes working together. Even working together genes are not powerful enough to control or create one s personality. The genetic factors work with the environmental factors to create personality.Mark 4The debate about homosexuality and whether it s a result of nature or nurture has beengoing on for a long time. It has taken even greater importance now because it s become so widelydebated throughout the world . With some places making it legal for gay marriage and some places making it not legal. People are trying to fight for the homosexual s right to have the same rights and marriage benefits of a regular married couple. There s been compromises trying to give them some of the same rights but not all. Some people think homosexuality is a biological factor. They think it s as much of a choice as one s race is. They think nature is responsible for a person to become a homosexual. Some of the strongest evidence that people are born gay is based on the fraternal birth order effect. Researchers calculate that about 15 to 30 percent of gay men have the fraternal birth order effect. Several studies have shown that men with older biological brothers are likelier to be gay than men with older sisters or no older siblings. The likelihood of being gay increases by 33 percent with each older brother. Scientist haven t been able to prove much else for the reason some people may be homosexual. Some people claim no one would choose to be gay and go through all the ridicule they go through. With such an anti-homosexual society they d rather be straight, but they cannot control who they develop feelings for and who they find attractive.Other people believe homosexuality is a choice or the result o f something negatively affecting a p erson. Some say sexual orientation is not like an instinct. People become homosexual through life experiences and the influences around them. Some homosexuals admit to figuring out they rather be in bed with a man over a women later in life through their own experiences. Some people believe homosexuals have the choice to leave the lifestyle. They say dating andMark 5marriage doesn t magically happen and that we choose the life we want to live and who we wantto live that life with. Some people think others become homosexual if they re raped as a boy.Those people say being homosexual is all about the sex. The nurture versus nature arguments for most topics are very controversial and both don t really have any proof to say whether one is right over the other. One might have more information, or make a bigger argument than the other but there s no proof to prove the other wrong. For me it s hard to choose a side in any of these arguments. It s hard to choose a side when there s not any 100% proof the other is wrong. My opinions lead towards the nurture side for most of the topics. Nature vs Nurture don t have exact proof for the other to be wrong but both pose a good stance and argument against the other.

The 4P strategies of Wal-Mart and Carrefour free essay sample

On July 2, 1962, the first Wal-Mart store was opened by Sam Walton in Rogers, Ark. After 28 year’s development, Wal-Mart became the nations number-one retailer by 1990. Wal-Mart’s 10,900 stores under 69 banners in 27 countries and e-commerce websites in 10 countries are visited by more than 245 million customers and members each week. Wal-Mart International is currently the fastest growing part of its business and it leverages its global resources to meet local needs. With fiscal year 2013 sales of approximately $466 billion, Wal-Mart employs 2. 2 million associates worldwide(Wal-Mart,2013). 1. 1. 2The development and history of Carrefour The Carrefour supermarket company was set up by the Fournier, Badin and Defforey families who run a discount supermarket in Annecy in 1959. More than 9900 company-owned and franchise stores are run by Carrefour Group currently, and now the Group operates on three major markets: Europe, Latin America and Asia. Because its stores spread in more than 30 countries, Carrefour generates more than 55% of its sales outside France. We will write a custom essay sample on The 4P strategies of Wal-Mart and Carrefour or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page At the same time, the Group gives priority to local supply chains, So 75% of all its food products are from local suppliers in the countries(Carrefour,2013). 1. 2 Definition The competitiveness of enterprises is a competitive ability that an enterprise can be more efficient than other firms in providing products and services, and obtain profit and its development (Man, T. W. , Lau, T. , Chan, K. F. ,2002). The marketing mix of 4P strategy plays a very important role in the competitiveness of enterprises. 4P strategy has four elements. The first element is price that can be defined as the monetary amount a buyer pays for a good or service and the revenue expectation from a sale(Anderson, C. H. , Vincze, J. W. ,2004). The second element is place, which is concerned with setting an efficient way of storage and handling finished products and of making them to the target market effectively(Businessdictionaries,2013). Product , the third element,means that the anything that can be offered to a market that might satisfy the need (Kotler, P. ,Brown, L. , Adam, S. , Burton, S. , Armstrong, G. ,2007). The fourth element is promotion, which is used to describe all marketing communications activities, including personal selling, sales promotion,direct marketing, trade exhibition, public relations, advertising and sponsorship(Marketingteacher,2007). 1. 3 objectives Through the analysis and comparison of Wal-Mart and Carrefour in 4P strategy, this project can obtain the strengths and weakness of competitiveness about those two retailers. 2. 4Ps of Wal-Mart and Carrefour 2. 1 The similarities and differences about price strategy 2. 1. 1 Wal-Mart’s price strategy The major price strategy of Wal-Mart is â€Å"Everyday low prices† practice that can offer low price products to customers. In order to ensure the customers get the lowest price products, Wal-Mart improve the efficiency of logistics system and control the transportation, storage and costs strictly, so that it can get cheap goods from all over the world every day. And Wal-Mart has been insisted â€Å"Everyday low prices† for a long time, which makes customers prefer to buy things here(Mujtaba, B. G. , Maxwell, S. 2011). Further, its high quality and low price products have made itself get high reputation of its company and the loyalty of customers. Because of it, Wal-Mart could cut down the cost on advertisements and promotions and also increase turnovers of products. At the same time, in order to maintain the promise of â€Å"Everyday low prices† to customers, most of its competitors’ profits has been injured by Wal-Mart’s low price strategy(Gereffi, G. , Christian, M. ,2009). 2. 1. 2 Carrefour’s price strategy Compared with the traditional retail stores, Carrefour has a lower price, average about 5 to 10 percentage points. High quality and inexpensive price in Carrefours business strategy remains unchanged all the time. In order to reduce the cost and inventory, Carrefour constantly improves the efficiency of logistics system and try their best to decrease the price, so that it can offer low price goods for consumers(Baek, J. ,2005). What’s more, Carrefour’s everyday low prices, in fact, is the integration strategy that combines low price goods and high price goods. As for the good that customer often buy, Carrefour often provide comparatively lower price than its competitors, but other goods may be higher than its competitors(Dupuis, M. , Chul Choi, S. , Larke, R. ,2006). 2. 1. 3 The similarities and differences Similarities: Wal-Mart and Carrefour are committed to provide consumers with low price goods by improving the efficiency of logistics system. Price is the most sensitive factor for consumer’s shopping choice. Low price product is more attractive for consumers than high price product. In order to improve the sales and get more marketing share, Wal-Mal and Carrefour cut down the price as much as possible. Therefore, the price competition has become the focus of retail competition. Differences: Wal-Mart, the founder of â€Å"everyday low prices†, has insisted that all the goods remain stable of low prices for a long period of time, which can reduce the volatility of consumption demand, the cost of organizing goods, and help to realize the scale of procurement. However, Carrefour’s price strategy is that not all of the goods are low price, just for some hot-sale products but other goods’ price may be higher than other retailers. Thereby, Carrefour’s price strategy has more flexibility and adaptability than Wal-Mart. 2. 2. The similarities and differences about place strategy 2. 2. 1 Wal-Mart’s place strategy 10,900 stores under 69 banners are run by Wal-Mart in 27 countries (Wal-Mart,2013). In addition to Wal-Mart stores, community stores, discount stores and other business model, Wal-Mart has shopping plaza and Sams club stores. Sams club store is a warehouse club store, whose operating characteristic is low price. Its service objects are groups, families, small shops (Graff, T. O. 1998). While Wal-Marts online retail stores began to run in February 1996 , a limited number of goods sold online. Early 2000, the online store of Wal-Mart was revised , which had 24 categories of online goods, including clothes, appliances, toys,etc. Then Wal-Mart took all possible measures to expand its network sales market. In 2008, Wal-Mart launched the e-commerce business in the highest broadband penetration countries, Latin America and Brazil. Next, Wal-Mart launched e-commerce business in China and Japan in 2010. The constant expansion of the online business to new worldwide markets made Wal-Mart gradually improve its overall sales and marketing share(Gereffi, G. , Christian, M. 2009). 2. 2. 2 Carrefour’s place strategy Carrefour has more than 9900 stores in the world now, while it still has more than 4000 chain stores in France. With a presence in more than 30 countries, it generates more than 55% of its sales outside France. Its sales accounted for about 30% of French retail enterprise(Carrefour,2013). Several business models are established by Carrefour. In addition to Carrefours stores(Carrefour),champion supermarket (Champion),there are convenience store, warehouse style shopping mall, and so on. The operation of discount store and membership rule make Carrefour retail business into intensive development(Durand, C. , Wrigley, N. ,2009). With the rapid development of information technology in 2000, Carrefour worked with Sears and Oracle company, creating an electronic market, the worlds first retail† GlobalNetXchange. Later, Carrefour launched an online supermarket, called Ooshop(Carrefour,2013). 2. 2. 3The similarities and differences Similarities Carrefour and Wal-Mart both are in the chain business mode, and they have some same business models, such as, warehouse stores and discount stores. Those different business models can meet the demands of different customers. Meanwhile, Wal-Mart and Carrefour all developed the online grocery that can supply customers with various goods the same with real stores. So, they combine retail and e-commerce business to meet the consumers’ demands. Differences Wal-Mart and Carrefour’s business models have its own characteristics. For example, Wal-Mart has shopping plaza and Sams club stores, but Carrefour has Carrefour stores (Carrefour), champion supermarket (Champion). Their business model can reflect their own culture and history. Like â€Å"Sam’s club stores†,Sam is the name of Wal-Mart’s founderSam Walton,which allows Wal-Mart’s customers and employees to remember the great leader and it also belongs to a part of enterprise culture. 2. 3 The similarities and differences about product strategy 2. 3. 1 Wal-Mart’s product strategy The product of Wal-Mart has almost 20000 species, including food, clothing, cosmetics, appliances, toys, auto parts, and so on. It has its own brand product, which account for about 10%(Wal-Mart,2013). But not any products are allowed to be sold in Wal-Mart,because Wal-Mart will select some products that have good quality for their customers. Meanwhile, Wal-Mart lay emphasis on the quality of product. Total Quality Management is used by Wal-Mart to ensure the quality, which focuses on improving the quality of an organization’s products and services. Wal-Mart is constantly seeking the best products and the lowest price supplier from domestic and international. markets through Total Quality Management (Mujtaba, B. G. , Maxwell, S. ,2011). Therefore, Wal-Mart can provide consumers with various and high-quality products. 2. 3. 2 Carrefour’s product strategy The stores of Carrefour can satisfy all the customers’ shopping needs, such as clothing, sports equipment, auto parts, and so on. In 1976, Carrefour introduced manufacturing free concept, selling high quality and inexpensive but no brand goods, but this is a subtle challenge for people’s shopping habits. More than 75% of all Carrefour grocery products are offered by local suppliers, so Carrefour can provide its customers with local products which are from producers located close to stores. For example, 100% of all food products come from national suppliers in Turkey and Argentina’s Carrefour stores now(Carrefour,2013). What’s more, Carrefours sales have its unique side, for instance, the company launched the sale of gasoline at a low price in the parking lot (Lindgreen, A. , Palmer, R. , Vanhamme, J. ,2004). This is a kind of innovation, and it also an effective means to attract customers. It is more convenient for consumers, because consumers do not need to go to the gas station deliberately. 2. 3. 3The similarities and differences Similarities: Carrefour and Wal-Mart both can provide a variety of products that have low prices but high quality for the consumer to choose. In addition, all of them pay much attention to the development and sales of their own brand products. According to the difference of people living habits in different regions, Carrefour and Wal-Mart can provide products that can meet local consumer habits. Differences: In order to offer high quality products to customers, Wal-Mart will select the goods that have good quality before the sales. So those bad quality products cannot be sold in Wal-Mart. The selection of products can guarantee that customers get high quality products anytime in Wal-Mart. Nevertheless,various goods that have high quality or low quality can be found in Carrefour. 2. 4 The similarities and differences about promotion strategy 2. 4. 1 Wal-Mart’s promotion strategy Due to the strictly control of marketing costs, Wal-Mart also tend to be very careful in reckoning, even in some new stores opening ceremony. Therefore, the goods promotion strategy of Wal-Mart is relatively conservative. Although Wal-Mart reduces the cost and expenditure on advertising, it never be stingy on public welfare donations. A large number of long-term investment in public welfare activities greatly enhance its brand awareness and successfully created excellent brand image in consumers minds, which will eventually become the earnings and profit figures(Baek, J. ,2005).. At the same time, Wal-Mart has effectively made use of the strategy of market segmentation by partnering with National Gay and Lesbian Chamber of Commerce to cater to that group of customers, as well as employees. What it did is to correct the customers’ previous error information and position of Wal-Mart and establish a good corporate image. (Mujtaba, B. G. , Maxwell, S. ,2011). Besides,Wal-Mart attracts customers go shopping in its stores by low price but high quality products and it has also developed various ways to keep customers in their stores as long as possible, which include: exclusive concerts by various bands on Wal-Mart TV, plus in store radio and special broadcasts. The reason why Wal-Mart does this is that it believes the more time spent in its stores, the more money customers will spend (Mujtaba, B. G. , Maxwell, S. ,2011). 2. 4. 2 Carrefour’s promotion strategy Carrefour uses its best selling products for its promotion, Which not only can attract customers but also can build good image(Sunanto, S. , Tuninga, R. , Kaynak, E. , Harcar, T. , ASSOCIATION-IMDA, I. ,2009). Further, in addition to hold large-scale promotional activities at the opening ceremony and celebration occasions, Carrefour also focus on a variety of promotional methods , such as TV ads, newspaper ads and posters. Besides, Carrefour also issued a lot of direct mail advertising and promotional advertising, sending to the residents, in order to let residents know the latest promotion information and attract customers to shopping(Colla, E. , Dupuis, M. ,2000). 2. 4. 3The similarities and differences Similarities Wal-Mart and Carrefour both use their own goods for promotion. As retailer, the main purpose of customer come here is buying products. Price and quality are the main factors for the customers to buy the product. If company can make the customer know that this product in its store always have high quality and low price, customer will come to its shop automatically to buy this kind of goods, when he needs. Differences Wal-Mart is very careful in reckoning and strictly controlling the cost in its promotion. But Wal-Mart set up a responsible corporations image, through joining the community and social welfare undertakings. However, Carrefour adopts various means of publicity, such as TV ads, newspaper ads, and posters, which is a good publicity for the product and the enterprise image. 3. Conclusion

Adverbs and Hyphens

Adverbs and Hyphens Adverbs and Hyphens Adverbs and Hyphens By Maeve Maddox A reader pleads, Please, please, please discuss the use of hyphenation (and lack thereof) of adverbs with adjectives. I keep seeing the likes of â€Å"newly-minted doctor† or â€Å"visually-impaired cat† regularly these days and it makes me crazy! Is it something thats becoming more acceptable? Or is it the general lack of editors and grammatical knowledge? Punctuation rules are hard to grasp. However, the rule about hyphens and -ly adverbs is easy enough to master: When a compound modifier–two or more words that express a single concept–precedes a noun, use hyphens to link all the words in the compound except the adverb very and all adverbs that end in -ly. AP Stylebook, 2013 edition. Boldface added. And, Compounds formed by an adverb ending in ly plus an adjective or participle (such as largely irrelevant or smartly dressed) are not hyphenated either before or after a noun, since ambiguity is virtually impossible. (The ly ending with adverbs signals to the reader that the next word will be another modifier, not a noun.) Chicago Manual of Style, 7.82. Not all adverbs end in -ly. The adverb very has already received special mention in the rule from the AP Stylebook: Very is never followed by a hyphen. But what about the adverb well? According to AP, we must hyphenate well when it is part of a compound modifier: well-dressed, well-informed, well-known. AP also advises that a compound that’s hyphenated before a noun is also hyphenated following a form of the verb to be: The man is well-known. The woman is quick-witted. The children are soft-spoken. The play is second-rate. The University of Iowa writing site concurs: Compound adjectives beginning with â€Å"well† are hyphenated no matter where they are in the sentence. When a modifier that would be hyphenated before a noun comes after a form of the verb to be, you usually keep the hyphen to avoid confusion. The editors of the Chicago Manual of Style seem to disagree: When such compounds follow the noun they modify, hyphenation is usually unnecessary, even for adjectival compounds that are hyphenated in Webster’s (such as well-read or ill-humored). For good measure, I looked in at the American section of OxfordDictionaries.com where I found this directive: With compound adjectives formed from the adverb well and a participle (e.g., well-known), or from a phrase (e.g., up-to-date), you should use a hyphen (or hyphens) when the compound comes before the noun: well-known brands of coffee; an up-to-date account, but not when the compound comes after the noun:    His music was also well known in England. Their figures are up to date. Straightforward instructions, these, but when I looked up â€Å"well known† in the U.S. part of OxfordDictionaries, I found this among the examples of usage: The result is well-known, and we need only linger to consider the crucial lesson from this. When the experts contradict themselves and each other, what’s an ordinary mortal to do? Hyphenation is not an exact science. The one rule you can memorize with confidence is that a hyphen is not needed when an -ly adverb begins a phrasal modifier*. For everything else, choose a style guide or dictionary to follow. *Warning: Not every word that ends in -ly is an adverb. Watch out for nouns like family and supply, and adjectives like only. For example, â€Å"family-oriented websites†; supply-side economics†; â€Å"only-begotten son.† Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Spelling category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:12 Signs and Symbols You Should KnowSelect vs. Selected45 Idioms About the Number One

Brazilian Drought and Coffee Harvest Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

Brazilian Drought and Coffee Harvest - Essay Example This occurrence immediately became major news to the market economy and the consumers, because of the change that would occur in the marketing system. What actually occurred during this circumstance was a surge of heavy rains which lashed Brazil for several days, causing a major drought, and isolating hundreds of people and destroying crops. "Farmers reported that 40 percent of their tobacco, bean and corn crops had been destroyed by the floodwaters that inundated fields in the western half of the state." (Associated Press, 2000). The October 2000 drought was an incredibly serious and devastating event in many different ways for Brazil. In order to understand these reasons and to come to a clearer and more knowledgeable viewpoint on the subject matter, certain matters in regards to the drought itself, how it affected Brazil, and what plans are for the future must all be thoroughly discussed. The aim of this paper is to focus on all of these elements, while answering questions such as why, how, when, and will come in the future due to this situation. This is what will be dissertated in the following. Coffee is the second most commonly traded commodity in the world, trailing second only to petroleum. The first coffee plantation in the world was in fact established in Brazil in 1727, and Brazil cultivates coffee as a commercial commodity. They relied heavily on slave labor from Africa for its viability until abolition in 1888. For many decades in the 19th and 20th centuries, Brazil was the biggest producer and virtual monopolist in the coffee trade, and remained that way, until a policy of maintaining high prices soon opened opportunities to other growers, like Colombia, Guatemala and Indonesia. Brazil is located in East Central North America and occupies approximately 50% of the South American continent. Brazil is bound by Venezuela, Guyana, Suriname and French Guiana to the north, Colombia to the northwest, Peru, Bolivia, and Paraguay to the west, Argentina to the southwest, Uruguay to the south and the Atlantic Ocean to the east. Brazil has a tropical and subtropical climate characterized by high temperatures and anywhere from moderate to heavy rainfall. Rainfall is usually evenly distributed throughout the year, and the nationwide average annual precipitation varies between 1,010 mm (40 inches) and 2,030 mm (80 inches). There is an interior of Brazil's northeastern region which is known as the 'Drought Polygon'. It is "an irregular shaped region where people live under recurring threat of severe drought." ("Brazil", n.d.). This drought polygon is the driest part of the country, and it encompasses roughly 10 percent of the entire country's territory. "In this region, rainfall is undependable and the evaporation rate is very high, making it difficult to raise crops." ("Land", n.d.). Brazil is the world's biggest producer of green coffee beans with an approximate market share of 30 percent. Depending highly on weather conditions, Brazil produces and exports about 30 million bags of coffee beans annually. Approximately 85% of Brazilian coffee exports are Arabica coffee, which is also considered to be one of the highest quality; even more so than Robusta coffee - which demands higher prices. Brazilian coffee is characterized by the diversity in tastes depending upon geographic regions of the coffee's origin. The United States and Germany are the world's largest